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The iron-carbon, iron-copper, and iron-nickel steels are the “work horse” alloys of the PM industry. Designed for light to moderate loading, they are economical to process due to their ease of machinability, ease with which they may be pressed to moderately high densities, and their ability to be sintered effectively in a variety of atmospheres. These alloys may also be heat treated to improve strength and hardness, but due to their limited hardenability, must be heat treated with a secondary post-sintering process. Applications abound across numerous industries, including gears, pinions, sprockets, bearings, rotors, cams, flywheels, housings, levers, brackets, couplings etc. for automotive, motor cycle, hardware, lawn and garden, and other industrial markets.
The following tables contain a list of the materials available. For more complete coverage of properties, reference MPIF Standard 35, ASTM B783, ISO 5755, DIN 30910-4, and JIS Z2550, and download the technical information bulletins of interest. Standard powder metal materials are defined in North America by MPIF Standard 35 and ASTM B783, essentially equivalent standards. German PM steels are listed in DIN 30910-4, or more recently, ISO 5755. Japan steels are listed in JIS Z2550, with grade names changing with the revision from 1989 to 2000.
TYPE
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GRADES
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DESCRIPTION
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Iron
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MPIF/ASTM F-0000
ISO F-00
DIN Sint-C 00, Sint-D 00, Sint-E 00
JIS SMF 1015, SMF 1020, P1024, P1025, P1026
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Iron without carbon additions is ferritic in structure, soft, ductile, and magnetic.
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Iron-Carbon Steel
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MPIF/ASTM F-0005, F-0008
ISO F-05, F-08
DIN Sint-C 01, Sint-D 01
JIS SMF 3030, SMF 3035, P1034, P1035, P1044, P1045
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The addition of carbon improves the strength in as-sintered parts by creating a ferritic and pearlitic structure. The steel is also heat treatable.
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Iron-Copper
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Iron-Copper-Carbon Steel
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MPIF/ASTM FC-0200, FC-0205, FC-0208, FC-0505, FC-0808, FC-1000
ISO F-00C2, F-05C2, F-08C2
DIN Sint-C 10, Sint-D 10, Sint-E 10, Sint-C 11, Sint-D 11, C-C 21
JIS SMF 2025, SMF 2030, SMF 4040, SMF 4050, SBF 2118, PP2024,
P2025, P2034, P2035, P2044, P2045, P2054, P2055, P2064, P2074
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Adding copper to iron-carbon steel improves properties through solid solution strengthening as well as improving the hardenability of the steel.
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Iron-Nickel
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Iron-Nickel-Carbon Steel
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MPIF/ASTM FN-0200, FN-0205, FN-0208, FN-0405, FN-0408
ISO F-05N2, F-05N4, F-08N2, F-08N4
JIS SMF 5030, SMF 5040, SMF 7020, SMF 7025, SMF 8035,
SMF 8040, P1064, P1065, P1094, P1096, P2124, P2126
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Adding nickel to iron-carbon steel improves the strength, toughness, and hardenability of the steel.
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